The history of black tea: origins, traditions and journey through cultures

Posted on: 24 • 04 • 2026
 

Black tea is now one of the most widely consumed teas in Europe. Found in breakfast rituals, the traditional British afternoon tea, and flavoured blends such as Earl Grey, it has travelled across cultures and through the centuries. But what is the true origin of black tea? How was it created? And how did it journey from Asia to Europe before becoming a favourite among lovers of organic and responsibly sourced black tea?

The origin of black tea dates back to China, the historic cradle of tea for more than 4,000 years. Originally, tea leaves were mainly consumed as green tea. It was only later, during the Ming Dynasty (14th–17th century), that a new processing method emerged: the oxidation of tea leaves. Unlike green tea (non-oxidised) or white tea (harvested from terminal buds once a year in spring), black tea undergoes full oxidation, giving it its dark colour and richer, more powerful aromas.

From China to Europe: The Great Journey of Black Tea

During the 17th and 18th centuries, European trading companies developed maritime routes between Asia and Europe. Black tea, more stable than green tea, withstands humidity and long sea journeys more effectively. It was in England that it quickly became a national beverage. It was enjoyed with milk, sugar, and later as part of the famous afternoon tea tradition.

Black tea was no longer simply a drink: it became a social symbol, a ritual, and a way of life. Even today, this tradition continues, while embracing a growing demand for quality, traceability, and commitment, particularly through the rise of organic black tea and fair trade.

Traditions and travel through cultures: a tea that has become universal

Over the centuries, black tea has crossed borders and adapted to the cultures it encountered. In China, it is enjoyed plain, revealing the full aromatic complexity of the leaf. In England, it became the heart of afternoon tea, often accompanied by milk and pastries. In India, it transformed into spiced chai, simmered with milk and spices.

Each country has embraced black tea, giving it a unique place in its daily rituals. More than just a beverage, black tea has become a bond between peoples. It embodies exchange, trade, the transmission of expertise, and sharing. From a Chinese port to London drawing rooms, from the plantations of Sri Lanka to contemporary cups, its journey tells a story of openness to the world. Even today, choosing organic and fair trade black tea means continuing this tradition while giving it a more responsible and meaningful purpose.

Earl Grey : origine d’un thé noir devenu iconique

Today, when speaking of black tea, it is impossible not to mention the iconic Earl Grey.

Earl Grey: Origin and Legend

The origin of Earl Grey is believed to date back to the 19th century. According to legend, the blend was created in tribute to Charles Grey, British Prime Minister. A Chinese diplomat is said to have offered a tea flavoured with bergamot to offset the limescale quality of English water. Earl Grey is crafted from a base of black tea, a natural bergamot flavouring, and a subtle balance between citrus freshness and woody depth.

Our Terre d’Oc organic Earl Grey black tea with bergamot flavour is available in an 80g loose-leaf format, nomad tea bags, or an eco-designed refill.

From its Chinese cradle to European drawing rooms, black tea embodies a true journey across cultures, a living tradition that continues to inspire our daily rituals.

 
Posted in: Tea time

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